Question:
I wanted to know what is the role of a father in Islam? I mean what are his responsibilities towards his children? If he passes away, then who is the wali (guardian), the wife or son? and if the son, then what are his responsibilities as a wali? Is he responsible for his siblings, financially?
Answer:
In general, from the numerous verses of the Noble Qurʾan and aḥadith of the Prophet (peace and blessings upon him), the role of a father is to cherish, sustain, educate and train the children up until puberty (and up-to marriage in the case of daughters).
If the father’s demise takes place, leaving behind his wife and children, the adult Muslimʿasabah (consanguine relatives), will be considered the guardians in order of closeness and blood relation.
Imam Abu Al-Hasan Al-Quduri (may God’s mercy be with him) writes, “The guardian is of the consanguine relatives.” (Mukhtasar Al-Quduri)
The closestʿasabah (consanguine relative) of the deceased is the son. (Mukhtasar Al Quduri)
The responsibility of the wali (guardian) is to undertake the role of the father in cherishing, sustaining, educating and training. This does include financially taking care of the basic necessities.
And Allah Knows Best
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